Calcium channel blockers for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia

Clozapine-induced Tardive Dyskinesia

Long term results of unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy for antipsychotic drug induced tardive dyskinesia.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a well known side effect of neuroleptic drug treatment, and may coexist with tardive dystonia. It can be treated with several drugs, although they rarely lead to a complete removal of symptoms. The main treatment of TD consists of gradual neuroleptic drug dose reduction and where possible complete withdrawal. Nevertheless, in 40% of TD cases, symptoms do not disappear...

Systematic review of interventions for treating or preventing antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

BACKGROUND Antipsychotic medication can cause tardive dyskinesia (TD) - late-onset, involuntary, repetitive movements, often involving the face and tongue. TD occurs in > 20% of adults taking antipsychotic medication (first-generation antipsychotics for > 3 months), with this proportion increasing by 5% per year among those who continue to use these drugs. The incidence of TD among those taking...

a survey of the tardive dyskinesia induced by antipsychotic drugs in patients with schizophrenia.

objective: tardive dyskinesia (td), is one of the important problems of the patients with schizophrenia. the emergence of these side effects depends on so many factors such as the patients' age and the duration of antipsychotic treatment. by discovering new drugs (atypical), there has been an outstanding decrease in the emergence of these side effects. the present study investigates the symptom...

Interaction of lead acetate with calcium channel blockers in formalin test and formalin-induced inflammation

  In this study interaction of three types of calcium channel blockers nifedipine, diltiazem and verapamil on the effects of lead acetate on two types of pain (nociception and inflammation) induced by formalin in mice were examined. In order to study nociception, formalin test was selected because of greater resemblance to clinical pain. Lead acetate (50, 75, l00, 125 and 150 mg/kg) administere...